Most Bulgarians in Transnistria are Bessarabian Bulgarians, descendants of expatriates who settled in Bessarabia in the 18th19th century. The Russian army has a military base, a large ammunition dump and about 1,500 soldiers stationed in Transnistria, stating that they are there as "peacekeepers". Ukrainians were the third largest ethnic group, representing a 45.41% relative majority in the northern Rbnia District, a 42.6% minority in Camenca, a 33.0% minority in Tiraspol, a 28.3% minority in Dubsari, a 23.4% minority in Slobozia, and a 17.4% minority in Grigoriopol. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. [144], In August 2021, the Transnistrian government refused to register the Lucian Blaga Theoretical Lyceum at Tiraspol and forced it to cease its activities for three months, which will affect the school year of the students of the school and constitutes a violation of several articles of the Convention on the Rights of the Child.[148]. Oil & Gas Development Company: Islamabad: US$5.6 billion (2022) Petroleum: US$657 million: DG Cement: Lahore: Construction: US$21 million (2016) Nishat Mills . The United States, the European Union, and the OSCE approved the Ukrainian move, while Russia saw it as a means of political pressure. On 22 March 2007 Gazprom sold Transnistria's gas debt to the Russian businessman Alisher Usmanov, who controls Moldova Steel Works, the largest enterprise in Transnistria. The economy is based on a mix of heavy industry (steel production), electricity production, and manufacturing (textile production), which together account for about 80% of the total industrial output.[118]. The aviation industry is one of the attractive sectors in the world simply due to the nature of the products. Walmart had about 2.3 million employees in 2022, the highest of all companies worldwide that year. The capital city, which is also the largest, is Chiinu. Following a large scale privatisation process in the late 1990s,[117] most of the companies in Transnistria are now privately owned. Transnistria is subdivided into five districts (raions) and one municipality, the city of Tiraspol (which is entirely surrounded by but administratively distinct from Slobozia District), listed below from north to south (Russian names and transliterations are appended in parentheses). The German retail chains Aldi and Quelle, . [15], On 14 April 2022, one of Ukraine's deputy defence ministers, Hanna Maliar, stated that Russia was massing its troops along the borders with Transnistria but the Transnistrian authorities denied it. In 2001, in one region it was reported that Igor Smirnov collected 103.6% of the votes. US companies including Goldman Sachs, Microsoft and . These villages, along with Varnia and Copanca, near Bender and Tiraspol, are claimed by the PMR. largest company in transnistria. Ethnic minorities felt threatened by the prospects of removing Russian as the official language, which served as the medium of interethnic communication, and by the possible future reunification of Moldova and Romania, as well as the ethnocentric rhetoric of the Popular Front. Nina Shtanski served as Transnistria's Minister of Foreign Affairs from 2012 to 2015; Vitaly Ignatiev[ru] succeeded her as minister. In the Moldavian SSR in particular, there was a significant resurgence of pro-Romanian nationalism among Moldovans. Amazon is headquartered in Seattle, WA, USA. 1 Tiraspol - The capital with 168,000 inhabitants. [147], In November 2005 Ion Iovcev, the principal of a Romanian-language school in Transnistria and active advocate for human rights as well as a critic of the Transnistrian leadership, received threatening calls that he attributed to his criticism of the separatist regime. Following is a list of largest companies in Pakistan: Conglomerates. dashboard S&P 500 Index Dashboard Browse Countries, Sectors, Industries, Stock Indices & Top Companies Countries / Sectors-Industries Indices Country / Territory AND / OR Volunteers, including Cossacks, came from Russia to help the separatist side. Also, for the first time, the population had the option to identify as "Transnistrian". [citation needed]. Moldova has since then exercised no effective control or influence on Transnistrian authorities. [117] The CIS accounted for over 60% of the imports, while the share of the EU was about 23%. However, the Moldovan/Ukrainian block remains in place and holds up progress in status settlement negotiations between the sides. [79] The PMR government said "the government of Moldova launched a campaign aimed at convincing international observers not to attend" an election held on 11 December 2005 but monitors from the Russian-led Commonwealth of Independent States election monitors ignored that and declared the ballot democratic. [41], After the Red Army advanced into the area in 1944, Soviet authorities executed, exiled or imprisoned hundreds of inhabitants of the Moldavian SSR in the following months on charges of collaboration with the Romanian occupiers. [85] The largest company in the textile industry is Tirotex, which claims to be the second largest textile company in Europe. After Moldova signed the Association Agreement with the EU in 2014, Transnistria being claimed as part of Moldova enjoyed the tariff-free exports to the EU. [127] However, several years later, it decided to head toward a market economy. In 1924, the Moldavian ASSR was proclaimed within the Ukrainian SSR; the ASSR included today's Transnistria (4,100km2, 1,600sqmi) and an area (4,200km2, 1,600sqmi) to the northeast around the city of Balta, but nothing from Bessarabia, which at the time formed part of Romania. Aramco, which the Saudi government owns, is considered the world's second-largest company, with crude oil reserves of 270 billion barrels. The oldest alcohol producer KVINT, located in Tiraspol, produces and exports brandy, wines and vodka. Over the course of two days, 67 July 1949, a plan named "Operation South" saw the deportation of over 11,342 families by order of the Moldavian Minister of State Security, Iosif Mordovets. The share of ethnic Russians and Ukrainians was especially high and an overall majority of the population, some of them Moldovans, spoke Russian as a mother tongue. Following the 1991 Soviet coup d'tat attempt, the Pridnestrovian Moldavian SSR declared its independence from the Soviet Union; on 5 November 1991 Transnistria abandoned its socialist ideology and was renamed "Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic".[53]. Other resolutions: 320 160 pixels | 640 320 pixels | 1,024 512 pixels | 1,280 640 pixels | 2,560 1,280 pixels. Job cuts are very much on corporate minds. Transnistria, which is also known as the Prednestrovian Moldavian Republic, is under the leadership of President Vadim Krasnoselsky. 's education is listed on their profile. View 's profile on LinkedIn, the world's largest professional community. The opposition Narodovlastie party and Power to the People movement were outlawed at the beginning of 2000[80] and eventually dissolved. [55] Starting from 2 March 1992, there was concerted military action between Moldova and Transnistria. In Bender (Tighina) and the other non-Transnistria localities under PMR control, ethnic Russians represented a 43.4% relative majority, followed by Moldovans at 26.2%, Ukrainians at 17.1%, Bulgarians at 2.9%, Gagauzians at 1.0%, Jews at 0.3%, Poles at 0.2%, Roma at 0.1%, and others at 7.8%. The passage of soldiers of the 14th Guards Army would be illegal. [110] As per 2004 census, in the areas controlled by the PMR government, there were 555,347 people, including 177,785 Moldovans (32.1%) 168,678 Russians (30.4%) 160,069 Ukrainians (28.8%) 13,858 Bulgarians (2.5%) 4,096 Gagauzians (0.7%), 1,791 Poles (0.3%), 1,259 Jews (0.2%), 507 Roma (0.1%) and 27,454 others (4.9%).[111]. Four of these schools were forcibly closed by the authorities, who claimed this was due to the refusal of the schools to apply for official accreditation. [94][97], One point of access for Russian soldiers travelling to Transnistria remains Chiinu International Airport and the short overland journey from there to Tiraspol. The warehouse in Transnistria has 20,000 tons of ammo that would provide bullets for Ukraine for a year In 1992, Transnistria experienced a war that prevailed from March to July. The training will be for men under 55 who are eligible for military service. Postal Service. Name Headquarters Assets Industry Net Income Nishat Group: Lahore: US$6 billion: Conglomerate: Fauji Foundation: . Moldovans were the largest ethnic group, representing an overall majority in the two districts in the central Transnistria (Dubsari District, 50.2%, and Grigoriopol District, 64.8%) a 47.8% relative majority in the northern Camenca District, and a 41.5% relative majority in the southern (Slobozia District). PMR official statistics show that 91% of the Transnistrian population adhere to Eastern Orthodox Christianity, with 4% adhering to Roman Catholicism. The urbanisation rate was 69.9%. Both Swiss companies' agrochemical and pharmaceutical divisions made Novartis the company it is today. According to the overall estimates, the company employs over 1 million people and has more than $410 billion in assets at the given moment making it one of the biggest companies in the world. Transnistria and Russia termed the act an "economic blockade". Transnistria, along with Abkhazia, South Ossetia, and Artsakh, is a post-Soviet "frozen conflict" zone. The company faced a huge setback in 2012 along with other home building famous companies. For additional context, LinkedIn's ad reach in Transnistria was equivalent to 4.1 percent of the local internet user base (regardless of age) at the start of the year. Transnistria, officially the Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic (PMR),[c] is an unrecognised breakaway state that is internationally recognised as a part of Moldova. The Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) is trying to facilitate a negotiated settlement. ADVERTISEMENT ", Blakkisrud, Helge, and Pl Kolst. From an economic perspective, Moldova is one of the poorest countries in Europe. Misc. In 2007, foreign experts working on behalf of the United Nations said that the historically low levels of transparency and continued denial of full investigations to international monitors have reinforced negative perceptions of the Transnistrian government, although recent co-operation by Transnistrian authorities may have reflected a shift in the attitude of Transnistria. The OSCE mission spokesman Claus Neukirch spoke about this situation: "There is often talk about sale of armaments from Transnistria, but there is no convincing evidence. According to the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) the media climate in Transnistria is restrictive and the authorities continue a long-standing campaign to silence independent opposition voices and groups. With a Gross Domestic Product of over 3.57 trillion Euros, the German economy was by far the largest in Europe in 2021. C Cuciurgan power station G Gazprombank (Transnistria) I Intercentre Lux Interdnestrcom K KVINT M Moldova Steel Works S Sheriff (company) T Tiraspoltransgas Tirotex Sinopec Group - $401 billion. This corporation has extensive foreign contacts and a well-developed network of partners, especially in Russia, . Following the collapse of the former Soviet Union, the Russian 14th Army left 40,000 tons of weaponry and ammunition in Transnistria. [65] Transnistrians may have dual, triple or even quadruple citizenship of internationally recognised countries, including: There are unsettled border issues between Transnistria and Moldova. [51][52] Nevertheless, no significant action was taken against Transnistria and the new authorities were slowly able to establish control of the region. Ukraine declared that it would import goods from Transnistria only with documents processed by Moldovan customs offices as part of the implementation of the joint customs protocol agreed between Ukraine and Moldova on 30 December 2005. Under the guise of protection of Russia's interests, the special unit's soldiers used to be transferred to areas of conflict - Transnistria, Nagorno-Karabakh, Crimea, Georgia. [95], In 2011, US Senator John McCain claimed in a visit to Moldova that Moscow is violating the territorial integrity of Moldova and Georgia and one of the "fundamental norms" of "international behavior". Although exercising no direct control over the territory of Transnistria, the Moldovan government passed the "Law on Basic Provisions of the Special Legal Status of Localities from the Left Bank of the Dniester" on 22 July 2005, which established part of Transnistria (territory of Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic without Bender and without territories, which are under control of Moldova) as an autonomous territorial unit within the Republic of Moldova. For example, the percentage of Russians grew from 13.7% in 1926 to 25.5% in 1989 and further to 30.4% in 2004, while the Moldovan population decreased from 44.1% in 1926 to 39.9% in 1989 and 31.9% in 2004. Moldova and the Dniestr Region: Contest Past, Frozen Present, Speculative Futures? Russian-occupied Transnistria announces three-month military training for men starting from March 1. Between 1929 and 1940, Tiraspol functioned as the capital of the Moldavian ASSR, an autonomous republic that existed from 1924 to 1940 within the Ukrainian SSR. The rankings and market cap data of these companies are updated regularly. The Japanese carmaker is one of only two Asian firms to make it into the top 20 transnational companies by assets; Honda, another carmaker, ranks 19th.